{"id":324,"date":"2024-06-19T14:20:40","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T12:20:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/?page_id=324"},"modified":"2025-01-14T16:45:40","modified_gmt":"2025-01-14T15:45:40","slug":"co2-capture-technologies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/benchmark-for-et-co2-fangstanlegg\/teknologier-for-co2-fangst\/","title":{"rendered":"CO2 capture technologies"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Chapter 2<\/p>\n\n\n

CO2 capture technologies<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Chapter 2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Reference plant for waste incineration with CO2 capture<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Benchmark of CO2 capture technologies<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
CO2 capture technologies<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Suppliers of CO2 capture plants and technologies<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Summing up technologies<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Which capture technology is best suited for the waste industry and for cost-effective CO2 capture? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In order to answer this question, we need first an overall look at methods and technologies. This will include methods that cannot be directly used by existing waste incineration plants, but which may nevertheless be in \"competition\" in a market for CO2 emissions. The simplest example of carbon capture is planting or protecting forests, and although this method may be considered uninteresting in the context of waste incineration, it must be considered what is the most sensible choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Of course, reducing CO2 emissions is not the same as actually taking CO2 out of the atmosphere, but the methods have some overlap. Waste incineration lies in this overlap, due to the fact that the materials have both fossil and biogenic origins. Reduction of CO2 in the atmosphere can be done either by capturing where biogenic material is burned or by taking it directly from the air. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The are many known methods that take CO2 from the air and there is a lot of activity around research on technologies and so-called \"geoengineering\". To avoid going too deep into the topic (geoengineering), only simple examples are mentioned; planting trees, direct air capture, mineral weathering and biochar. Such methods have an enormously wide range of advantages and disadvantages that are difficult to map, and the effects are also difficult to measure. In addition, most methods are assumed to be less efficient than capture by combustion, due to the low concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere compared to the concentration of CO2 in flue gas. In order to achieve the temperature rise targets (1.5 \u00b0C according to the Paris Agreement), the international community will probably have to use \"every tool in the drawer\" that can reduce CO2 in the atmosphere. For example, technology that captures CO2 directly from air (DAC) will not exclude the need for CO2 capture from waste incineration. Still, it may be necessary to set priorities, especially when it comes to making investments. In this case, overall assessments show that capture from waste incineration is a very efficient way of capturing CO2, primarily because of the high concentration of CO2 in the flue gas (10%) and because there is often a lot of energy available, especially in the summer months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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On the other hand, the current market for CO2 emissions trading will try to find the most cost-effective tool, at least if waste incineration is to be allowed to sell its \"negative emissions\" in this market. In this sense, the different ways and technologies of CO2 capture will actually compete against each other. This type of assessment is not included in this delivery L2 which compares technologies. These issues require continued global political cooperation and the handbook will go a little deeper into this in \"Delivery 6 Financing and Business Opportunities\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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For all CO2 capture technologies, there are some genetic challenges that recur: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n