{"id":792,"date":"2024-07-17T14:50:06","date_gmt":"2024-07-17T12:50:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/?page_id=792"},"modified":"2024-08-15T13:57:58","modified_gmt":"2024-08-15T11:57:58","slug":"heat-supply-to-capture-plants","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smarte-integrasjoner-av-co2-fangstanleggog-energigjenvinningsanlegg\/varmeforsyning-til-fangstanlegg\/","title":{"rendered":"Heat supply to capture plants"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull eplus-wrapper has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div style=\"height:250px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer hide-mobile\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide eplus-wrapper has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-f0e4704a wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-radius:15px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns eplus-wrapper is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:2%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\">Chapter 3<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-post-title has-x-large-font-size\">Heat supply to capture plants<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:5%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:15%\">\n<div style=\"height:8px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:2%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4fb53a65 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:35%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-light-blue-1-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7abde1fe wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0ba1ad86 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5ad7779d wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2b4f249d wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left\" style=\"font-size:clamp(1.039rem, 1.039rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 0.712), 1.6rem);\">Chapter 3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-b0b89ccb\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-b6775ab2 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/description-of-the-energy-system\/\">Description of the energy system<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/smart-integrations-per-technology\/\">Smart integrations per technology<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/smart-integrations\/\">Smart integrations<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/measures-in-existing-waste-incineration-plants\/\">Measures in existing waste incineration plants<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/heat-supply-to-capture-plants\/\">Heat supply to capture plants<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/recovery-of-waste-heat-from-capture-plants\/\">Recovery of waste heat from capture plants<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/cooling-of-unused-waste-heat\/\">Cooling of unused waste heat<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/other-measures-for-the-use-of-waste-heat\/\">Other measures for the use of waste heat<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-light-blue-3-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/conclusion\/\">Conclusion<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:5%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\">\n<p style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875rem, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 0.413), 1.2rem);font-style:normal;font-weight:500\">The capture plant has a large need for heat, in accordance with the heat available in the incineration plant. If the existing plant does not have heat available either as steam or as hot water, it is assumed that the heat can be supplied from an electric boiler as a basis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1 Integration with existing steam plants<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Most providers of CO2 capture technology require low-pressure steam for the stripping process. It is normally appropriate for this steam to be collected from the steam plant for waste incineration, where possible.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In general, the steam of the carbon capture plant should be obtained at the lowest possible pressure, e.g. by draining from the steam turbine at the operating pressure needed at the carbon capture plant, in order to maximize power production. However, this is not always possible or practicable. For an existing plant, a modification of the steam turbine to enable steam extraction at the lowest possible pressure is unlikely to be cost-effective. For a plant with a multistage steam turbine, draining steam from one of the intermediate stages will be an advantage.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For plants with multiple combustion lines and combinations of turbine configurations, it will be appropriate to connect to the steam system at several locations. This provides flexibility for optimization when heat demand varies. For example, some waste incineration plants are equipped with both a counter-pressure steam turbine and a condensing steam turbine. In such cases, it may in some cases be appropriate to prioritizes steam for the condensing steam turbine to maximize power production. This typically occurs in summer when the heat demand of the capture plant and district heating system is lower than the capacity of the waste incineration plant. Similarly, a back pressure turbine with direct condensation against remote walls will achieve better overall energy utilization since all energy is retained in the energy systems and as little as possible cooled away in vacuum condensers. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-beige-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-39412042 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-radius:20px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Integration with existing steam plants<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>For \"KAN Referansa\", it is assumed that steam for the capture plant is obtained upstream of the steam turbine. As a result, the electrical power produced and available heat for district heating are thus reduced. Drained steam is cooled in a desuperheating station where feedwater is added to achieve the correct pressure and steam temperature according to the specification from the carbon capture plant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The draining of steam (12.5 MW) reduces power generation (-2.25 MW) and district heating (10.25 MW). This corresponds to a loss of 180 kWhel\/ton CO2 captured and 820 kWhDH\/ton CO2 captured.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The adaptations to the existing steam system are shown in the figure below, the changes towards the carbon capture system are shown by the dotted line, the steam of the reboiler is taken upstream turbine, which reduces power generation and DH delivery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1531\" height=\"597\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-scaled-e1721220970916.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-798\" style=\"width:618px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-scaled-e1721220970916.jpg 1531w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-scaled-e1721220970916-300x117.jpg 300w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-scaled-e1721220970916-1024x399.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-scaled-e1721220970916-768x299.jpg 768w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-scaled-e1721220970916-18x7.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1531px) 100vw, 1531px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>With the reduction of the DH delivery, it is important to maintain the same conditions for the steam out of the counter pressure turbine so that the condensation pressure is not greatly altered. Ideally, one then reduces the mass flow with DH water to maintain the same temperature difference on DH in the exchanger. This must be clarified with the turbine supplier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to check that the turbine can operate as normal with a reduced amount of steam throughout, usually steam turbines can be operated with a minimum of 1\/3 of the maximum steam flow.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1.2 Turbine types and alternatives<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Condensation turbine at vacuum pressure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The power generation lost will depend on the turbine type; if the plant has a draining condensation turbine that takes out vacuum vapor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Draining on adapted pressure from existing turbine<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In an ideal scenario, tapping from the existing turbine (counterpressure turbine or condensation turbine) at the correct pressure, as shown in Figure 15. This would have resulted in maximum power production. Modifications of existing turbines for new drains are expensive, but not necessarily technically feasible, as the turbine must have a minimum flow throughout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a new plant, a turbine system should be designed with the carbon capture plant in mind, with possibly more turbines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1489\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_6-scaled-e1721221510827.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-803\" style=\"width:642px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_6-scaled-e1721221510827.jpg 1489w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_6-scaled-e1721221510827-300x117.jpg 300w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_6-scaled-e1721221510827-1024x399.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_6-scaled-e1721221510827-768x299.jpg 768w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_6-scaled-e1721221510827-18x7.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1489px) 100vw, 1489px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>New counter-pressure turbine on bypass steam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An alternative is to install a new smaller counter pressure turbine that reduces pressure based on the amount of steam the capture plant needs, as shown in Figure 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"195\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-2022-12-14-at-22.02.17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-805\" style=\"width:570px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-2022-12-14-at-22.02.17.png 498w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-2022-12-14-at-22.02.17-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Screenshot-2022-12-14-at-22.02.17-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 16 - Steam\/condensate system with new turbine to maintain electricity production, changes with dotted line.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dampvifte<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An alternative is to let the steam go through the entire counter pressure turbine, and then depress it with a steam fan or compressor to the reboiler pressure, shown in Figure 17.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1476\" height=\"725\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_8-scaled-e1721221768493.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-808\" style=\"width:615px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_8-scaled-e1721221768493.jpg 1476w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_8-scaled-e1721221768493-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_8-scaled-e1721221768493-1024x503.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_8-scaled-e1721221768493-768x377.jpg 768w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_8-scaled-e1721221768493-18x9.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1476px) 100vw, 1476px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 17 - Energy-optimized design for heat supply to the reboiler.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conclusion on turbine alternatives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When comparing the alternatives, we see that a new counter pressure turbine comes out better than a steam fan downstream of the existing turbine. Prices are comparable. In the case of a new steam turbine, the net in 0.05 MWel is minus in electricity production. In plants where the outlet pressure is closer to reboiler pressure, steam fans are more relevant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1.3 Potential operational challenges in the steam system<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to design for unplanned stops and other typical operating conditions. If the carbon capture supply trips, the steam demand for carbon capture will cease immediately. It will be important to detail this so that you can get rid of the steam energy in a way that does not cause too much negative impact.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Integration with existing hot water system.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some waste incineration plants use hot water and not steam as an energy carrier. These plants do not have power generation with turbines. Since the hot water temperature in the boiler circuit is warm enough for the most common capture technologies, a partial current from the hot water circuit can be used as a heat source in the capture plant. The return circulation from the capture plant is mixed with the return circulation from the district heating exchanger(s). This way of collecting energy for the capture plant provides a 1:1 transfer of capacity from the district heating system to the capture plant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Placing heating of the capture plant in the boiler circuit ensures a sufficiently high temperature, as most capture plants require a higher temperature, above 130 \u00b0C, than what the district heating network is on, 90 \u00b0C in the case of \"KAN Referansa\", as shown in Figure 18. Some catch suppliers require low enough temperatures for heat to be delivered from the carrier network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-1-scaled-e1721221953246-1024x407.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-812\" style=\"width:619px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-1-scaled-e1721221953246-1024x407.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-1-scaled-e1721221953246-300x119.jpg 300w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-1-scaled-e1721221953246-768x305.jpg 768w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-1-scaled-e1721221953246-18x7.jpg 18w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Illustrasjoner-forbedret27-Read-Only_Page_9-1-scaled-e1721221953246.jpg 1493w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 18 \u2013 Heat recovery from the flue gas through a hot water system to the boiler and a possible capture facility (with dotted lines).&nbsp;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.2 Flue gas condensation from wet scrubber with\/without heat pump<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Several waste incinerators have a wet scrubber installed on the flue gas in the existing waste incinerator that cleans and cools the flue gas before it is emitted through the chimney into the atmosphere, as shown in Figure 19. This heat can be used by the waste incineration plant through a heat pump to supply to the district heating network. The heat potential available to the capture supplier and the heat demand of the capture supplier will depend on whether it is installed or not.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"918\" height=\"406\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Figur-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-816\" style=\"width:538px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Figur-19.png 918w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Figur-19-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Figur-19-768x340.png 768w, https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Figur-19-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 918px) 100vw, 918px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 19 System sketch for existing wet scrubber.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Wet scrubber will cool the flue gas below the dew point in most cases and condensate will be separated from the flue gas. This means that the liquid mass out of the scrubber is larger than onto the scrubber, and some must therefore be removed from the system. The condensate will hold sulfur and HCl and thus become highly corrosive. The scrubber water should be purified before discharge into the sewer.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The temperature of the flue gas entering the absorber tower should be at most about 55 \u00b0C, if that temperature can be achieved in existing wet gas scrubber it is best. Then you only need one scrubber, and the scrubber for the capture plant is not necessary, which lowers the complexity. This can also be combined with the heat exchange between treated and untreated flue gases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.3 Heating of cleaned flue gas for discharge into existing chimney<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are both advantages and disadvantages to conducting the smoke gas out of the existing chimney; The existing chimney is fully instrumented, and the flows can optionally be controlled with joint control between waste incineration and the capture plant. Since the flue gas is changed significantly after capture, a new emission permit is necessary with associated dispersion calculation to optimize temperature and pressure. On the other hand, a return to the chimney will require additional infrastructure, and coordination of cleaned flue gas and bypass flue gas can be a challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The alternative is to release it from the top of the absorber tower, in many cases it will be at least as high as the existing chimney. Releasing it from the top of the absorber tower will also require full instrumentation of the flue gas (gas content, temperature, pressure, etc.), a new dispersion calculation, and a new emission permit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To achieve a good chimney effect in the existing chimney, it is important to have a sufficiently high temperature difference between the flue gas and the surroundings. For many carbon capture plants, it will be necessary to heat the treated flue gas before it enters the chimney (or out from the top of the absorber), as the carbon capture process cools the flue gas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-medium-green-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-05278918 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer hide-mobile\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns bottom-nav-boxes has-dark-green-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9a58509f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column line is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-right-width:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74163fef62905e42e9647fae5bd351b9\"><a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/measures-in-existing-waste-incineration-plants\/\">Measures in existing waste incineration plants<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66af61a926070dbb516ce68d83133451\"><a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/measures-in-existing-waste-incineration-plants\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"24\" height=\"15\" class=\"wp-image-518\" style=\"width: 24px;\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/arrow-left-white.svg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-border-color has-white-border-color is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:1px;flex-basis:1px\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4ee4e937ce942fdee0cfc4b22ad0d88b\"><a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/recovery-of-waste-heat-from-capture-plants\/\">Recovery of waste heat from capture plants<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9d05faac22a074713d77691a7fd386e2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/recovery-of-waste-heat-from-capture-plants\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"24\" height=\"15\" class=\"wp-image-60\" style=\"width: 24px;\" src=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/arrow-right-white.svg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer hide-mobile\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kapittel 3 Fangstanlegget har et stort varmebehov, sett i forhold til varmen tilgjengelig i forbrenningsanlegget. Dersom det eksisterende anlegget ikke har varme tilgjengelig enten som damp eller som hetvan er det antatt at varmen kan leveres fra en elkjel som basis. 6.1 Integrasjon med eksisterende dampanlegg Flertallet av tilbydere av CO2-fangstteknologi krever lavtrykksdamp for strippeprosessen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":330,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-792","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_src":null,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Varmeforsyning til fangstanlegg - KAN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/handbook.kanco2.no\/en\/smart-integrations-of-co2-capture-plants-and-energy-recovery-plants\/heat-supply-to-capture-plants\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Varmeforsyning til fangstanlegg - KAN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kapittel 3 Fangstanlegget har et stort varmebehov, sett i forhold til varmen tilgjengelig i forbrenningsanlegget. 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